ANN versus Grey theory based forecasting methods implemented on short time series

Abstract

Two modern concepts implemented for forecasting based on reduced time series are contrasted. Results obtained by use of artificial neural nets (ANNs), already discussed at this conference, are compared with the ones obtained by implementation of the so called Grey theory or Grey Model (GM). Particularly, feed-forward accommodated for prediction (FFAP) and time controlled recurrent (TCR) ANNs are used along with the GM(1,1) algorithm for one- and two-steps-ahead forecasting of various quantities (obsolete computers, electricity loads, number of fixed telephones etc). Advantages of the ANN concept are observed. The GM(1,1) was studied in the appendix and compared with no advantages against the least-mean-squares approximation by an exponential.