Negotiating Territoriality in North-Western Zimbabwe: Locating The Multiple-Identities of BaTonga, Shangwe, and Karanga in History

Umali Saidi, Joshua Matanzima
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Multiple identities are not an event, neither are they overnight occurrences. They undergo constructions and reconstructions over time. The BaTonga, Shangwe, and Karanga speaking people in the Musampakaruma Chiefdom of north-western Zimbabwe are not an exception. Forced colonial displacements and post-independence involuntary (and/or voluntary) migrations resulted in their settling in the Musampakaruma Chiefdom from which they have now come to negotiate for space, and ultimately their identities too, in the Zimbabwean mainstream nation-state making process. For years, these three ethnic groups have had a primodalist alliance to identity wherein their identification with ancestral places of origin appeared to have been common. This, however, has changed as the new terrain has offered them new options prompting rethinking of identity and ethnicity concepts. Using qualitative and historical ethnographic data obtained in Musampakaruma from April to September 2017, this paper reports the historical and contemporary socio-political experiences of the people in the area advancing the multiple identity phenomena. Taking Musampakaruma as a case, the broad nation-state identity is re-engaged in the paper from the perspective of so-called marginalised groups showing that while landscape and socio-ethno-identities are determinants of ‘multi-personalities’, deep theorisation of identity and ethnicity is required in nation-state development because ethnicities are based on interactions resulting in negotiated identities.
津巴布韦西北部的领土谈判:历史上巴通加、尚维和卡兰加的多重身份定位
多重身份不是一个事件,也不是一夜之间发生的。随着时间的推移,它们经历了建造和重建。津巴布韦西北部Musampakaruma部落的巴通加人、尚维人和卡兰加人也不例外。被迫的殖民流离失所和独立后的非自愿(和/或自愿)移民导致他们在Musampakaruma酋长领地定居,他们现在已经开始在津巴布韦主流民族国家的建立过程中为空间进行谈判,最终也为他们的身份进行谈判。多年来,这三个民族一直有一种原始主义的身份认同联盟,其中他们对祖先起源地的认同似乎是普遍的。然而,这种情况已经改变,因为新的地形为他们提供了新的选择,促使他们重新思考身份和种族概念。本文利用2017年4月至9月在Musampakaruma获得的定性和历史民族志数据,报告了该地区人民推进多重身份现象的历史和当代社会政治经验。以Musampakaruma为例,本文从所谓的边缘化群体的角度重新探讨了广泛的民族国家认同,表明虽然景观和社会种族认同是“多元人格”的决定因素,但在民族国家发展中需要对身份和种族进行深入的理论化,因为种族是基于相互作用而产生的协商身份。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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