Impact of transport layer protocols on reliable information access in smart grids

Kamal Shahid, A. Saeed, T. Kristensen, R. Olsen
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Time is critical for certain types of dynamic information (e.g. frequency control) in a smart grid scenario. The usefulness of such information depends upon the arrival within a specific frame of time, which in other case may not serve the purpose and effect controllers performance. In this context, transport layer offers different levels of end-to-end communication services to the applications. For instance, TCP guarantees the transport of messages between two ends, however, at the cost of high end-to-end delays due to the retransmission mechanism. Whereas UDP offers minimum end-to-end delays at the cost of unreliable, best-effort data transportation service. The research question raised in this paper is thus, which is preferred for the delay-critical applications of smart grids, and to what degree of packet losses and round trip times, TCP is preferable to UDP and vice versa. The question is addressed by analyzing the performance of UDP and TCP over imperfect network conditions to show how the selection of transport layer protocol can dramatically affect controllers performance. This analysis is based on a quality metric called mismatch probability that considers occurrence of events at grid assets as well as the information update strategy in one single metric which otherwise is not very intuitive and difficult to allow a similar useful comparison. Further, the analysis is concluded by providing a clear guide on the selection of the transport protocol to meet application requirements.
传输层协议对智能电网可靠信息访问的影响
在智能电网场景中,时间对于某些类型的动态信息(例如频率控制)至关重要。这些信息的有用性取决于在特定的时间框架内到达,在其他情况下可能无法达到目的并影响控制员的表现。在这种情况下,传输层为应用程序提供不同级别的端到端通信服务。例如,TCP保证消息在两端之间传输,但是,这是以重传机制造成的高端到端延迟为代价的。而UDP以不可靠的、尽力而为的数据传输服务为代价,提供最小的端到端延迟。因此,本文提出的研究问题是,对于智能电网的延迟关键型应用,哪一种更受青睐,在多大程度上丢包和往返时间上,TCP优于UDP,反之亦然。通过分析UDP和TCP在不完美网络条件下的性能来解决这个问题,以显示传输层协议的选择如何显著影响控制器的性能。这种分析是基于一种称为不匹配概率的质量度量,它考虑了网格资产中事件的发生以及单个度量中的信息更新策略,否则这不是很直观,也很难进行类似的有用比较。此外,分析通过提供一个明确的指南来选择传输协议以满足应用程序的需求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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