Bacterial Detection in Water: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Water is an important element in the life of humans and other living creatures. However, there are pathogens such as bacteria that can contaminate the water that is used. Technology exists as a solution to detect bacteria, so it is expected to maintain the quality of water that is intended to be used for both consumption and other daily uses. This study provides a systematic literature review (SLR) by dividing it into types of bacteria in water, technology, annual distribution, how to evaluate the technology and the concerns of various publications. The first section contains what technology that can be used to detect bacteria in water and offers an idea of how many publications on this topic have been published in each year. The literatures were only taken from a reputable database and ranked based on a quartile of journals. The samples used by each study have differences, ranging from drinking water, river water, groundwater, mountain water, tap water, and wastewater. Based on the final result of this study, the most detected bacterium in water was e. coli, and it could be detected using technology sensor and AI, but the literature on this issue has not increasingly and significantly been published every year. Thus, there is an opportunity for research on bacterial detection technology in water in the future. In addition, the detection of bacteria in water can be utilized for various purposes such as monitoring, forecasting, classification, optimization, and simulation.