Особливості виховання культури поведінки дітей дошкільного віку в умовах закладу дошкільної освіти

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of the period of preschool childhood in the upbringing and education of the child and the creation of conditions and prerequisites for harmonious, full-fledged development. The article actualizes the problem of education of culture of behavior of preschool children. The article is aimed at highlighting the peculiarities of fostering a culture of behavior of preschool children. Research methods: theoretical (analysis of literature on research problems), empirical (pedagogical observations). The essence and content of the concept of research are clarified, namely: «culture of behavior», which is defined as a way for a child to perform actions and actions that meet the moral and aesthetic requirements of society, is reflected in the confirmation of expected expectations on the part of adults, peers and ensures his personal growth. It was clarified that preschool age is a period of intensive socialization of the child’s personality, gaining life experience, when there is an active interest in relationships with other people, there is a need to familiarize with certain norms of communication and, as a result, to develop an individual culture of behavior. To foster a culture of behavior is to constantly worry about children growing a culture of human relationships, to become generous with affection, goodness, attention, help and care of the child’s soul and that all these qualities are manifested in pleasant forms of behavior for others. It is noted that the preschool educational institution is a leading social institution in which preschool children receive not only basic knowledge, skills and abilities, but also acquire the foundations of a culture of behavior. The article reveals components of the culture of behavior such as culture of activity, culture of communication, cultural and hygienic skills and habits. The task of educating the culture of behavior of preschool children is outlined: the formation of ideas about norms of behavior, about the moral qualities of the individual, the development of moral feelings; expansion, deepening and systematization of knowledge about the norms and rules of cultural behavior, the development of the ability to evaluate their own and other people’s actions, the formation of positive relations to norms of behavior and negative relation to anti-social manifestations, the formation of skills, skills and habits of cultural behavior. The main components of methodical actions aimed at educating the culture of behavior of preschool children are proposed. The program of education of culture of behavior in preschool children is proposed.