An Improved Zonal-stable Election Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

The energies of sensor nodes are not unlimited for wireless sensor networks at most condition. In order to make the sensor nodes have better energy efficiency and lengthen sensor nodes lifetime of wireless networks, some protocols are proposed. To further more make the zonal-stable election method have better performance, an improved zonal-stable election method is proposed. It divides the communication zone into three zones. The normal sensor nodes are randomly arranged in intermediate zone, the remaining sensor nodes are advanced nodes which are arranged in the two zones left. In the traditional protocol, the numbers of placed advanced nodes are same in comparing the two zones, but the numbers of placed advanced nodes are different in those two zones in the proposed protocol to improve the energy efficiency. It also introduces the residual energy of node to lengthen the sensor nodes lifetime of wireless network during the cluster head selection. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has longer sensor node lifetime and stability period.