Cluster based routing algorithm with evenly load distribution for large scale networks

Abstract

One of the major restrictions for the application areas in wireless sensor network is the threat of limited energy resources. The sensor nodes are equipped with ir-rechargable batteries as the source of power. To maximize the entire network life time it is required to optimize the energy usage for the sensor nodes in WSNs. It is already established that clustering is an efficient routing technique requires less energy consumption to transmit data to the base station with compare to the direct communication techniques. Efficiency of clustering technique is directly dependent on formation of the cluster and cluster head selection techniques. The uneven distribution of the sensors among the clusters will cause energy leakage problem for some cluster heads and may cause premature deaths to them. In this paper, we present a novel cluster based routing algorithm that ensures to form clusters with even load as well as select cluster heads in a better way using fuzzy based environment so that optimal data transmission on single or multi hop environment is maintained. The simulation results more than 40% prolonged life time for the sensor nodes.