Reliability Evaluation of Power System based on Demand Response Program in the Presence of the Electric Vehicles

Abstract

Article history: Received 04 January 2022 Received in revised form 23 April 2022 Accepted 07 May 2022 The use of Demand-Side Management (DSM) to increase the reliability of composite power systems at hierarchical level II (HLII) with Electric Vehicles (EVs) is an important issue that has not been studied so far. Studies that have been conducted assumed that EVs are connected to the power system during the midpeak load and peak load in two charge levels with uncertainty in influence and three load shifting levels (85%, 90%, and 95%). The reliability indices Loss of Load Expectation (LOLP), Expected Energy Not Supplied (EENS), Expected Health Duration (EHDUR), and Expected Margin Duration (EMDUR) are calculated. The present paper uses Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) in modeling the uncertainty in the generation and transmission capacity of the power system and the influence of EVs. The modeling was performed on IEEE-RBTS standard system using the MATLAB software. The result indicates that more penetration of EVs will lead to higher load levels, and thereby LOLP and EENS indices will change much more, a trend that increases even more when EVs are charged during peak load. It is possible to increase EHDUR and EMDUR values by increasing load-shifting levels (95% to 90% and 85%).