Hybrid microgrid testbed involving wind/solar/fuel cell plants: A desing and analysis testbed

Abstract

This study introduces design, integration, control, and analysis of a hybrid microgrid (MG) testbed including a 300 kW wind energy plant of three 100-kW permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs), 50 kW solar energy plant of 200 solar panels, and a 50 kW fuel cell stack. Generation side of the hybrid plant coupled on 120V dc bus where wind energy plant consists of uncontrolled diode rectifier and dc-dc buck converter rail while the solar and fuel cell plants are just controlled by dc-dc buck converters. The energy conversion of solar energy plant is operated by using proportional-integral (PI) controller assisted perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The dc-dc converters of the left generators are operated with PI controllers. All the dc-dc converters are constituted with mosfets that are switched at 30 kHz. The islanded AC grid of the plant is built by three-phase inverter that generates 480 V 60 Hz industrial voltages of the U.S. The inverter is operated by a sinusoidal pulse width (SPWM) modulator where the modulation index is set to 0.8 and switching frequency to 5 kHz. The proposed testbed is assumed essential to test and validate several case studies in terms of MG and renewable energy source integration issues. The most recent power control methods (PQ) and amplitude controls (V-f) can also be implemented by using the presented testbed.