LOGICAL AND RATIONAL COMPONENT OF MODERN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Abstract

The formation of a new historical type of personality requires appropriate changes in the content of education, means of the set tasks’ implementation and the organization of the education system itself. Achieving this goal is impossible without the formation of a high intellectual culture of a person and the ability of the individual to its further continuous improvement. However, nowadays the role and place of cultural and anthropological factors, as well as logical and rational ones, are often underestimated in the modernization process of the society. The proposed article emphasizes the need to reveal the role of logical and rational component as a necessary part of the modern educational process and the way to improve mental culture through education. It is noted that the level of modern culture of thinking, rational reasoning, the ability to conduct constructive dialogues has fallen significantly. The inability and unwillingness of many members of society to analyze situations critically, lack of skills to express their opinions consistently and reasonably, to persuade their fellow citizens in a rational and logical way can lead to barbarism. The results of hours’ reduction in logic disciplines at the University are given. This fact is reflected in the inability of students to establish the relationship of genus and species, causal relationships between objects and phenomena, to make classifications. The need for logic knowledge, which helps to identify false information, to reveal logical errors, is indicated. Emphasis is placed on the importance of high appreciation of rationality. It has its origins in antiquity and finds its expression in ancient philosophy. Ancient philosophers proceeded from the fact that the world can be comprehended only with the help of reason and rational methods, based on the power of persuasion, thought. The role of language as a cultural phenomenon is emphasized. Cultural phenomenon in combination with consciousness, mental and cognitive processes is impossible without the rational use of the laws of logic.