Psychological correction of preschool children with adaptation disorders

Abstract

The article deals with the psychological peculiarities of the personality of preschool children with adaptation disorders and the means of their correction. It is shown that the study of socio-psychological factors of adaptation disorders in preschool children and their correction is due to the need to understand the problems associated with the presence of preschool children who have difficulties in the process of social adaptation. This category includes children who have adaptive reactions with disturbances in the emotional sphere (with complaints of parents on anxiety, fearfulness, tearfulness, daily fluctuations of activity, mood), in the behavioral sphere (with complaints of parents on irritability, aggressiveness, negativity, negativity relations with others), with mixed disorders (children whose parents have sought help in connection with anxiety, anxiety, fearfulness of the child - on the one hand, and its aggressiveness, irritability, conflict - on the other). Given that adaptation disorders among preschoolers are included in the structure of neuroses, neurodevelopmental disorders, they are the correlate of pre-morbid conditions, the issues of their effective correction are especially acute in the face of modern psychological science and practice. The particular importance of adaptation disorders in preschool children is one of the main conscious reasons for parents seeking the help of psychologists and other professionals. Adaptation disorders affect the whole structure of the child's personality and often develop into persistent forms of mental pathology. The focus of the study was the system of psychological correction of preschool children with adaptation disorders. This system was considered as a set of components: individual psychocorrection (for the purpose of psychological processing, resolution of intrapersonal conflict); group psycho-correction (with the aim of increasing social adaptation, correction of interpersonal plan of functioning of personality); family counseling (to create acceptable conditions for a microsocial plan for personality functioning).