Reglas Supletivas Mayoritarias Y El Derecho (Civil) De Contratos: Doctrina Jurídica y Análisis Económico del Derecho (Majoritarian Default Rules in Civil Contract Law: Legal Doctrine and Law & Economics)

Daniel Monroy
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Abstract

Spanish abstract: El presente trabajo posee dos objetivos complementarios: Por un lado (i) basados en una lectura de la doctrina juridica civilista en general, se evidencia la existencia de un criterio normativo al que debiera responder las reglas predeterminadas (reglas supletivas) en el derecho de contratos. Por otro lado, (ii) se contrasta e enriquece dicho criterio normativo con los aportes que sobre el mismo punto ha efectuado el Analisis Economico del Derecho (AED). Asi, la hipotesis del trabajo se expresa en la idea de que, conforme la doctrina juridica civilista, las reglas predeterminadas debieran ser el reflejo de lo regular, lo que tipicamente se acuerda por las partes en cierta situacion. Esta hipotesis – lejos de ser trivial – es coherente con lo sostenido insistentemente por el mainstream del AED en general, y el Teorema de Coase en particular, segun el cual, se sugiere que las reglas predeterminadas debieran reproducir lo que “las partes hubieran querido” (what the parties would have wanted). Las reglas que cumplen este criterio suelen denominarse por el AED como reglas predeterminadas mayoritarias (majoritarian defaults). El trabajo senala tambien algunas implicaciones de la introduccion del paradigma de las reglas predeterminadas mayoritarias en el marco de la doctrina juridica civilista.English abstract: This paper has two complementary objetives: On the one hand (i) and based in the civilian legal doctrine, the aim is to demonstrate the existence of a normative criterion in which should fit the default rules in contract law. On the other hand, (ii) the aim of the paper is to compare and enrich that normative criterion with the ideas supported by the Law and Economics approach (L&E). Thus, the hypothesis of this paper could be expressed in the idea that, according with civilian legal doctrine, can be said that the default rules should reflect what is considered regular, ie what typically the parties would have agreed in a certain situation. This hypothesis, far from trivial, is consistent with the ideas strongly supported by the mainstream of L&E, and especially by the Coase theorem, according to which the default rules should mimic “what the parties would have wanted”. The default rules that meet this criterion are usually called majoritarian defaults. At the end, the paper points out some implications of introduction of the majoritarian default paradigm in the civilian legal doctrine.
多数违约规则与(民事)合同法:法律理论与法律经济学分析(民事合同法中的多数违约规则:法律理论与法律经济学)
摘要:本文有两个互补的目标:(i)基于对民法理论的一般阅读,揭示了合同法中预先确定的规则(补充规则)应满足的规范性标准的存在。(i)在这方面,《法律经济学分析》(Analisis Economico del Derecho, AED)所作的贡献对这一规范标准进行了对比和丰富。因此,本文的假设体现在这样一种观点上:根据民法学说,预先确定的规则应该是规则的反映,而规则通常是当事人在特定情况下商定的。这个hipotesis—远离玩意—是符合所持续持续mainstream普通的定向能武器,尤其是Coase,根据该定理,则默认规则建议应该播放“当事双方之间存在想“(what the缔约方将有全貌)。符合这一标准的规则通常被AED称为多数默认规则。在这一背景下,本文提出了一种新的方法,通过这种方法,公民权利的概念可以被理解为一种法律制度,在这种制度下,公民权利的概念可以被理解为一种法律制度,在这种制度下,公民权利的概念被理解为一种法律制度。英文摘要:本文有两个互补的目标:一方面(i),并以民法原则为基础,目的是证明存在一种规范标准,该标准应构成合同法的默认规则。另一方面,(ii)本文的目的是将规范标准与法律和经济学方法所支持的思想进行比较和充实。因此,本文的假设可以表述为这样一种想法:根据民法原则,可以这样说,默认规则应反映被认为是规则的内容,即当事方在某一特定情况下所同意的内容。This hypothesis,与想法,is far from微不足道相一致强烈the mainstream of L&E,尤其是by the Coase theorem,根据to which the default rules should mimic“what the缔约方则有全貌”。The default rules that通常meet this雅典are called majoritarian defaults。最后,本文提出了在民法学说中引入多数默认范式的一些含义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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