Social policy and paternalism in the traditionalistic political philosophy of 17th century France

Abstract

Introduction. Discussions on social policy in French traditionalism of the XVII century served as a source for philosophic considerations in the XVIII century, and defined the features of the French conservatism in the XIX century and specif- ics of the French welfare state in the XX century. The purpose of the article is to review the attitude of the French traditionalists of the XVII century on the social policy. Methods. The article relies on historic and com- parative approach and analysis of institutions and shows the features of the political philosophy in France of the XVII century within the context of the social and political problems and religious polemics. Scientific novelty of the study. The article offers analysis of the social policy conceptions of the French traditionalistic philosophy of the XVII century and highlights in paternalistic feudal- ism the background for the development of the conservative philosophy and social policy. Results. Two main approaches coexisted within the French traditionalism of the XVII century: support of the traditional role of the aristocracy and advocacy of the strong monarchy. Both approaches held paternalistic views and believed that it was neces- sary for the strong to display responsibility for the well-being of the weak, they supported aid for the needy to preserve the social order and to for their education. Conclusions. Reflections of the French traditional- ists of the XVII influenced the development of the unique structure of the welfare state in France, defined by the principle of solidarity, and coexist- ence of many different actors, with strong role of the state.