금융체제 �?�행 �? 통합 사례: 남�?한 금융통합�? 대한 시사�? (Experiences of Transition and Integration in the Financial System: Implications for North Korea)

Byung-Yeon Kim
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Abstract

Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 사회주의에서 자본주의로 체제전환을 경험했던 체코 및 헝가리 그리고 동독의 금융개혁 및 통합 사례를 검토한다. 특히 이 연구에서는 체제전환국의 금융체제 이행과 통합의 주요 과제를 이원적 금융제도 수립, 부실채권 정리 및 은행 사유화, 환율제도 개혁 등으로 나누어 각각의 경험을 살펴본 후 이 경험이 남북한 금융통합에 주는 시사점을 다음과 같이 제시한다. 북한의 금융체제이행은 이원적 금융제도 수립에서 시작되어야 하며 이는 조선중앙은행의 상업은행적 기능과 중앙은행적 기능의 분리를 의미한다. 또한 부실채권을 정리하며 북한의 상업은행들을 외부자 매각 방식을 따라 사유화한다. 그리고 장기적으로 환율을 안정시키고 균형환율을 유도할 수 있는 환율제도를 도입해야 한다.English Abstract: This study reviews the experiences of transition and integration in the financial sector in the three East European countries, that is, Hungary, Czech Republic, and East Germany. In more detail, it analyzes the following experiences: the establishment of two-tier banking system, privatization of commercial banks and the management of non-performing loans, and the reform of exchange rate regime. The implications for North Korean transition and integration are drawn as follows. North Korea should replace a mono-banking system with a two-tier one by dividing the Chosun Central Bank into two parts: the function of a central bank and that of a commercial bank. Following this division, the part of commercial bank should be privatized using the method of sale to outsiders. The problem of non-performing loans needs to be addressed properly with a sufficient amount of financial resources. It is advised to establish an exchange rate regime that provides a long-term economic stability and competitiveness. For this purpose, a fixed exchange rate regime followed by a floating one should be considered as a default option.
金融体制?飞往��?合并案例:还剩多少?韩金融合并?是大韩时事吗?(Experiences of Transition and Integration in the Financial System: Implications for North Korea)
Korean Abstract:本研究研究了从社会主义到资本主义体制转换的捷克、匈牙利和东德的金融改革及合并事例。特别是金融体制的研究中对体制的过渡和整合的主要课题二元金融制度建立,整理不良债权和分银行私有化、汇率制度改革等各自的经验观察后,这一经验对南北韩金融合并的启示是:提出的。北韩履行金融体制应该从建立二元金融制度开始,这意味着朝鲜中央银行的商业银行职能和中央银行职能分离。另外,将整理不良债券,将北韩的商业银行按照外部出售方式私有化。而且,要引进长期稳定汇率,引导均衡汇率的汇率制度。English Abstract: This study reviews the experiences of transition and integration in the financial sector in the three East European countries, that is, Hungary, Czech Republic, and East Germany。more detail, it analyzes the following experiences:the establishment of two-tier banking system, privatization of commercial banks and the management of non-performing loans, and the reform of exchange rate regime。The implications for North Korean transition and integration are drawn as follows。North Korea should replace a mono-banking system with a two-tier one by dividing the Chosun Central Bank into two parts: the function of a Central Bank and that of a commercial Bank。Following this division the part of commercial bank should be privatized using the method of sale to outsiders。The problem of non-performing loans needs to be addressed properly with a sufficient amount of financial resources。It is advised to establish an exchange rate regime that provides a long-term economic stability and competitiveness。For this purpose, a fixed exchange rate regime followed by a floating one should be considered as a default option。
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