Chance and complexity: stochastic and generative processes in art and creativity

Abstract

This paper examines the recurrence of stochastic processes as mechanisms to drive and enhance human creativity throughout the history of art. From prehistory up until the present day, random events, and technologically instantiated generative processes have operated in concert, extending the scope for the production of aesthetic objects of all kinds. In the last half-century of computational art, chance has played alongside generative computer programs -- a trend that looks set to continue. A range of works is explored here, highlighting the interaction between chance and dynamic processes to generate complex representations, virtual spaces and aesthetic artefacts. With this approach, the paper argues, chance and dynamics have the potential to continue as dominant creative forces into the future of art.