Magneto-Inductive NEtworked Rescue System (MINERS): Taking sensor networks underground

A. Markham, N. Trigoni
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引用次数: 94

Abstract

Wireless underground networks are an emerging technology which have application in a number of scenarios. For example, in a mining disaster, flooding or a collapse can isolate portions of underground tunnels, severing wired communication links and preventing radio communication. In this pa-per, we explore the use of low frequency magnetic fields for communication, and present a new hardware platform that features triaxial transmitter/receiverantenna loops. We point out that the fundamental problem of the magnetic channel is the limited bitrate at long ranges, due to the extreme path loss of 60 dB/decade. To this end, we present two complementary techniques to address this limitation. Firstly, we demonstrate magnetic vector modulation, a technique which modulates the three dimensional orientation of the magnetic vector. This increases the gross bitrate by a factor of over 2.5, without an increase in transmission power or bandwidth. Secondly, we show how in a multi-hop network latencies can be dramatically reduced by receiving multiple parallel streams of frequency multiplexed data in a many-to-one configuration. These techniques are demonstrated on a working hardware platform, which for flexible operation, features a software defined magnetic transceiver. Typical communication range is approximately 30 m through rock.
磁感应网络救援系统(矿工):将传感器网络带到地下
无线地下网络是一项新兴技术,在许多场景中都有应用。例如,在矿难中,洪水或塌方会使部分地下隧道隔绝,切断有线通信链路,阻止无线电通信。在本文中,我们探索了低频磁场在通信中的应用,并提出了一个具有三轴发送/接收天线环路的新硬件平台。我们指出磁通道的根本问题是由于60 dB/ 10的极端路径损耗而导致的长距离比特率有限。为此,我们提出了两种互补的技术来解决这一限制。首先,我们演示了磁矢量调制,这是一种调制磁矢量三维方向的技术。这使总比特率增加了2.5倍以上,而没有增加传输功率或带宽。其次,我们展示了在多跳网络中,如何通过在多对一配置中接收多个并行的频率复用数据流来显著降低延迟。这些技术在一个工作硬件平台上进行了演示,该平台具有软件定义的磁收发器,操作灵活。通过岩石的典型通信距离约为30米。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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