Occupational hazards under a warmer planet: A cross-sectional study on occupational dermatitis, musculoskeletal disorders, and heat strain score index among construction workers at Kottayam, Kerala

Nimmi James, S. M. V., S. C. R., Jini M P
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Abstract

Background: Global climate change has a major impact on occupational health. Construction workers are the most vulnerable group to work under a warmer planet. Potential health consequences to them include occupational skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory problems, cancers, mental health disorders, and infectious diseases. The incidence of occupational dermatitis and work-related musculoskeletal diseases is at its peak. This study aimed to bring out the burden of the above-mentioned occupational diseases among construction workers at Kottayam and also to calculate their heat strain score index as they are the most vulnerable group to work under a warmer planet. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of work related occupational dermatitis and musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers and also to calculate their heat strain score index. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 82 (n = 82) construction workers in Kottayam, Kerala. Purposive sampling was done. Validated, standard questionnaires were used to collect data by interview method, followed by clinical examination. Data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version 23. Results: Eighty-two construction workers participated in the present study. A total of 62% were migrants, and 38% were Keralites. Among 82 workers, nine (11%) of them reported having hand eczema and eight of them (9.8%) reported having wrist eczema. Neck pain (18.3%) and low back ache (18.3%) were the most common musculoskeletal symptoms. Heat strain score index of the workers was calculated. A total of 69.5% were in the green zone, 28% were in the yellow zone, and 2.5% were in the red zone. Conclusion: Construction workers are highly exposed to the risk of getting work-related occupational dermatitis and musculoskeletal disorders. The most common occupational skin complaint among these construction workers was itchy rash (12.2%). The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was 51.2%. Neck pain and low backache were the most common musculoskeletal symptoms. On the calculation of heat strain score index, these workers were found to have a higher heat strain score index. A total of 28% in the yellow/alarm zone and 2.5% in the red/danger zone. Statistically significant association was established between the intensity of physical work (P = 0.0001) and the intensity of thirst (P = 0.001) with the total heat strain score.
全球变暖下的职业危害:喀拉拉邦Kottayam建筑工人职业性皮炎、肌肉骨骼疾病和热应变评分指数的横断面研究
背景:全球气候变化对职业健康有重大影响。建筑工人是在变暖的地球下工作的最脆弱群体。对他们的潜在健康后果包括职业性皮肤病、肌肉骨骼疾病、呼吸系统疾病、癌症、精神健康障碍和传染病。职业性皮炎和与工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾病的发病率最高。本研究旨在找出Kottayam建筑工人的上述职业病负担,并计算他们的热应变评分指数,因为他们是地球变暖下最脆弱的群体。目的:了解建筑工人职业性皮炎和肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率,并计算其热应变评分指数。材料和方法:横断面研究进行了82 (n = 82)建筑工人在Kottayam,喀拉拉邦。进行有目的的抽样。采用经验证的标准问卷,采用访谈法收集资料,然后进行临床检查。数据在SPSS version 23中输入和分析。结果:82名建筑工人参与了本研究。其中62%是移民,38%是喀拉拉邦人。在82名工人中,有9人(11%)报称有手部湿疹,8人(9.8%)报称有手腕湿疹。颈痛(18.3%)和腰痛(18.3%)是最常见的肌肉骨骼症状。计算了工人热应变评分指标。绿色区域占69.5%,黄色区域占28%,红色区域占2.5%。结论:建筑工人是职业性皮炎和肌肉骨骼疾病的高危人群。这些建筑工人中最常见的职业性皮肤疾患是发痒皮疹(12.2%)。肌肉骨骼症状的总体患病率为51.2%。颈部疼痛和腰痛是最常见的肌肉骨骼症状。在热应变评分指数的计算中,发现这些工人的热应变评分指数更高。黄色/警报区占28%,红色/危险区占2.5%。体力劳动强度(P = 0.0001)和口渴强度(P = 0.001)与总热应变评分有统计学意义。
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