Individual differences in arithmetic

Abstract

Introduction. Children, Adults Males, Females: Weaknesses and Talents. There is No Such Thing as Arithmetic Ability - Only Arithmetical Abilities. Relationships Between Arithmetic and Other Abilities. Counting and After: The Importance of Individual Differences. Is Arithmetic a Foreign Language? Representing Numbers and Arithmetic Problems in Differnt Forms and Translating Between Them. Derived Fact Strategies. A Good Guess: Estimation and Individual Differences. Arithmetic Facts, Procedures and Different Forms of Memory. Effects of Culture, Language and Experience. The Brain and Individual Differences in Arithmetic. "Maths Doesn't Like me Anymore": The Role of Attitudes and Emotions. Implications for Helping Children with Their Arithmetical Difficulties. Conclusions.