Identification of genetic association of Thyroid Cancer with Parkinsons disease, Osteoporosis, chronic heart failure, Chronic kidney disease, Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Thyroid cancer (TC) sharing co-morbidity with other diseases, poses greater risk of death of patients having TC. TC has associations with other diseases and infections like Parkinson's disease (PD), Osteoporosis (OP), Chronic kidney disease (CKD), Type 2 diabetes (T2D), Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and chronic heart failure (CHF). Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray data from TC, CKD, CHF, OP, PD, T1D and T2D datasets were used in this study and were analysed to explore the association of TC with these diseases. We constructed a diseasome network among selected diseases and TC, and through established bioinformatic's procedures and tools, protein protein interaction network (PPI), the common gene ontology, dysregulated pathways, and mRNA and TFs network around the common genes were identified. We found 598 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of TC where 133 were decreased-regulated and 465 were increased-regulated considering $P \lt = \quad.05$ and $\vert {logFC}\vert \gt =1.$ We found that TC shares 82, 19, 12, 16, 5 and 5 DEGs with CKD, CHF, OP, PD, T1D and T2D respectively. We employed series of bioinformatics methodologies and tools to analyse and investigate the genetic relationship of TC with CKD, CHF, OP, PD, T1D and T2D diseases and found a strong association of CKD with TC, and also identified most significant genes (hub genes), TFs, miRNA and significant pathways that can be employed to further studies to explore underlying pathological processes implicated in TC as well as new TC biomarkers.