The Influence of Applying High Voltage Pulse on Lithium ion Battery

Abstract

Lithium ion batteries (LiB) are widely used in portable devices due to their high storage energy density and high voltage per cell. Furthermore, as the application to electric vehicles is expanding, the battery cost is also decreasing. Therefore, LiB is also expected to be used for power leveling applications. Therefore, when LiB is connected to the grid, it is necessary to consider the possibility of high voltage pulses such as induced lightning being applied to LiB. We clarified that a current of 10000 C or more flows to LiB instantaneously when applying a high voltage pulse for a short time. Furthermore, it was reported that the decrease of the battery capacity did not occur when the pulse was applied for a short time. We reconfirmed the result. The current in LiB was analyzed assuming an equivalent circuit. It was found that when a short time pulse was applied, most of the current flowed to the electric double layer present at the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte, and hardly flowed to the reaction resistance corresponding to the electrochemical reaction. Furthermore, we examined the voltage and pulse width of the pulse which has a high possibility of affecting the battery capacity.