REASON, POWER, AND THE PROJECT OF EMANCIPATION

G. Shkliarevsky
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Abstract

The focus of this article is the project of emancipation — alternately known as the Enlightenment project, or the project of modernity. The principal goal of this project is the elimination of domination and the emancipation of humanity. Having originated during the period of the Enlightenment, this project has powerfully shaped the course of European and world history. Yet despite centuries of progress, the project has still failed to achieve its goal. The article tries to answer one question: Why has the project of emancipation failed to achieve its goal? In answering this question I focus on the work of Jurgen Habermas — arguably the most important contemporary advocate of the project of emancipation — and his proposed solution of this problem. My analysis shows that Habermas, as many of his predecessors, still fails to solve the problem of exclusion. The failure to solve this problem is the main reason why Habermas and the Enlightenment more generally fail to eliminate domination and achieve emancipation. The article argues that in order to solve the problem of exclusion, our civilization must transcend the paradigm of the Enlightenment. It proposes a new theoretical approach that transcends this paradigm. The distinct feature of this new approach is that it is articulated around the process of creation. According to the new approach, the process of creation should be the main focus of our social practice. It also discusses some general principles of the new social practice. Further research along the lines outlined in this article will be essential for creating and developing new institutional forms that would embody this new social practice.
理性,权力和解放的计划
这篇文章的重点是解放的计划——或者被称为启蒙计划,或者现代性计划。这个计划的主要目标是消灭统治和解放人类。这个项目起源于启蒙运动时期,有力地塑造了欧洲和世界历史的进程。然而,尽管几个世纪以来取得了进展,该项目仍未能实现其目标。这篇文章试图回答一个问题:为什么解放运动没有达到它的目标?为了回答这个问题,我将重点放在尤尔根·哈贝马斯(Jurgen Habermas)的作品上——他可以说是当代解放运动最重要的倡导者——以及他提出的解决这个问题的方法。我的分析表明,哈贝马斯和他的许多前辈一样,仍然未能解决排他性的问题。未能解决这个问题是哈贝马斯和启蒙运动在更广泛的意义上未能消除统治和实现解放的主要原因。本文认为,要解决排斥性问题,我们的文明必须超越启蒙运动的范式。它提出了一种超越这种范式的新的理论方法。这种新方法的独特之处在于,它围绕着创造的过程进行阐述。根据这种新的方法,创造的过程应该是我们社会实践的主要焦点。讨论了新社会实践的一般原则。沿着本文概述的路线进行进一步研究,对于创造和发展体现这种新社会实践的新制度形式至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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