Ranking and Analysis the Strategies of Crowd Management to Reduce the Risks of Crushes and Stampedes in Crowded Environments and Ensure the Safety of Passengers

Abstract

Public gatherings, transit hubs, stadiums, and crowded retail malls are just a few examples of places where crowd management has become an urgent issue in recent years. Effective crowd management strategies have been required due to the increasing population, urbanization, and frequency of large-scale meetings. These strategies are used in dynamic, sometimes chaotic circumstances to protect people and facilitate their free movement. The purpose of this study is to analyze and rank various strategies for crowd management to reduce risks of crushes and stampedes, improve security, and facilitate smoother traffic flow. This study used the single-valued neutrosophic set to deal with uncertain and vague information in the evaluation process. There are various factors in ranking the various strategies. So, the concept of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is used to deal with various criteria. The neutrosophic set integrated with the MCDM methodologies to rank various strategies. This study used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method to compute the weights of factors. Then the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is used to rank the various strategies. An application was conducted to apply the proposed method. The outcome shows the safety and security factor is the heights important. The sensitivity analysis is applied to show the rank of strategies under various weights of factors. Finally, the comparative analysis is applied to show the robustness of the proposed method compared with other MCDM methods.