Computer modeling of electromechanical system of two-speed elevator

Abstract

Today, elevator production in Ukraine needs innovative solutions and changes, because most of the equipment in operation was built and installed in the 70-80s of the last century. Due to the high cost of new frequency-controlled winches and the complexity of maintenance, the search for modernization and improvement of existing elevator winches remains an alternative. No less important stage of operation is diagnostics. Timely detection of damages and forecasting of future failures allow to provide high-quality work during all term of operation, and also to reduce expenses of budgetary funds for difficult repairs. Computer simulation plays an important role in the modern world both during the design of a new elevator and during operation. Thanks to fairly simple and clear programs, it is possible to reproduce not only the standard modes of operation of the mechanisms, but also to perform calculations of future possible faults. The use of visualization facilitates the perception of information for operators, engineers and other users involved. The paper presents a computer model of a two-speed elevator with an induction motor and a reduction winch. The research used Matlab / Simulink software, which is intuitive to use and, in the full sense of the word, informative. The built model of the elevator has feedback on the calculated load of the cabin. The latter is determined by the transients during engine start-up and affects the positioning accuracy at a stop. The dependences of the influence of the degree of cab loading on the positioning accuracy are found. In the second stage, the supply voltage parameter is added. A change in this parameter within ± 10% affected the previous calculations of the loading degree and deteriorated the accuracy by almost three times. At the same time, most indicators (75%) meet the requirements of international standards EN 81-20: 2014 with positioning accuracy in the range of ± 10 mm. In further studies it is planned to use the obtained results to reduce the sensitivity of the algorithm for calculating the loading degree of the cabin to change the supply voltage and ensure the required positioning accuracy in the entire load range of the cabin when changing the supply voltage ± 10 %.