Breeding Mustard (Brassica juncea) for Salt Tolerance: Problems and Prospects

Jogendra Singh, P. C. Sharma, Vijayata Singh
{"title":"Breeding Mustard (Brassica juncea) for Salt Tolerance: Problems and Prospects","authors":"Jogendra Singh, P. C. Sharma, Vijayata Singh","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.94551","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Salt stress is currently one of the most critical factors, reducing agricultural production. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) is a major oilseed crop in these areas. However, salt affects as much as 50–90% worldwide yield reduction. Salt tolerance is a very complex factor controlled by a number of independent and/or interdependent mechanisms and genetic modification that lead to many changes in physiology and biochemistry at the cellular level. The classical methods of plant breeding for salt tolerance involves the widespread use of inter and intraspecific variations in the available germplasm which is essential for any crop development program. This large germplasm is then tested under various salt levels in microplots, which is a quick, reliable, reproducible and inexpensive method of salt tolerance. Genotypes that have shown better indications of stress tolerance without significant yield reduction are considered to be tolerant and are also used as potential donor in the breeding programs. In this way, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (ICAR-CSSRI), Karnal developed and produced five varieties of Indian mustard that tolerate high salt namely, CS 52, CS 54, CS 56, CS 58 and CS 60 in the country, and many other high-quality pipeline lines exploration and development. These salt-tolerant species work better under conditions of salt stress due to various manipulations (physiology, genes and molecular level) to fight salt stress has led to detrimental effects. Recent molecular tools to add classical breeding systems to improve saline-tolerant mustard varieties in a short span of time, including the Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and backcrossing, that have helped using simple sequence repeats (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control the polygenic traits like tolerance of salt and seed yield.","PeriodicalId":434379,"journal":{"name":"Brassica Breeding and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Brassica Breeding and Biotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.94551","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3

Abstract

Salt stress is currently one of the most critical factors, reducing agricultural production. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) is a major oilseed crop in these areas. However, salt affects as much as 50–90% worldwide yield reduction. Salt tolerance is a very complex factor controlled by a number of independent and/or interdependent mechanisms and genetic modification that lead to many changes in physiology and biochemistry at the cellular level. The classical methods of plant breeding for salt tolerance involves the widespread use of inter and intraspecific variations in the available germplasm which is essential for any crop development program. This large germplasm is then tested under various salt levels in microplots, which is a quick, reliable, reproducible and inexpensive method of salt tolerance. Genotypes that have shown better indications of stress tolerance without significant yield reduction are considered to be tolerant and are also used as potential donor in the breeding programs. In this way, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (ICAR-CSSRI), Karnal developed and produced five varieties of Indian mustard that tolerate high salt namely, CS 52, CS 54, CS 56, CS 58 and CS 60 in the country, and many other high-quality pipeline lines exploration and development. These salt-tolerant species work better under conditions of salt stress due to various manipulations (physiology, genes and molecular level) to fight salt stress has led to detrimental effects. Recent molecular tools to add classical breeding systems to improve saline-tolerant mustard varieties in a short span of time, including the Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and backcrossing, that have helped using simple sequence repeats (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control the polygenic traits like tolerance of salt and seed yield.
芥菜(Brassica juncea)耐盐育种问题与展望
盐胁迫是当前影响农业生产的最关键因素之一。印度芥菜(Brassica juncea)是这些地区的主要油料作物。然而,盐对全球产量减少的影响高达50-90%。耐盐性是一个非常复杂的因素,由许多独立和/或相互依赖的机制和基因修饰控制,导致细胞水平上生理和生物化学的许多变化。植物耐盐育种的经典方法包括广泛利用可用种质中的种间和种内变异,这对任何作物开发计划都是必不可少的。然后在小块土地上进行不同盐水平下的试验,这是一种快速、可靠、可重复性和廉价的耐盐性方法。在没有显著减产的情况下表现出更好的抗逆性的基因型被认为是耐受性的,也被用作育种计划中的潜在供体。通过这种方式,卡尔纳尔icar -中央土壤盐分研究所(ICAR-CSSRI)在全国开发生产了5个耐高盐的印度芥菜品种,即CS 52、CS 54、CS 56、CS 58和CS 60,以及许多其他优质管线的勘探和开发。这些耐盐物种在盐胁迫条件下能更好地工作,这是由于生理、基因和分子水平上的各种操纵来对抗盐胁迫导致的有害影响。近年来,利用标记辅助选择(MAS)和回交等经典育种技术,利用简单重复序列(SSR)和单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记识别控制耐盐性和种子产量等多基因性状的数量性状位点(qtl),可以在短时间内提高芥菜品种的耐盐性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信