True Random Number Generator Based on Wake-Up Ring Oscillator Utilizing Post-Processing Optimization to Generate Random Bit Sequence

Abstract

Generating a series of secure and random keys for encryption and decryption process is a challenge in cryptography applications. The True Random Number Generator (TRNG) is one of the methods for producing a random key sequence. Its randomness depends on the entropy source, harvester method, and post-processing. In this research, we propose a TRNG design that utilizes a wake-up ring oscillator as an entropy source and the von Neumann corrector as post-processing. The wake-up ring oscillator is a modification of the conventional ring oscillator, while Von Neumann functions to prevent bias in the resulting number sequence. This design is implemented on the Zedboard Zynq-7000. The output randomness test of the proposed design shows that a number sequence passes all tests of the Five Basic Test with an alpha of 0.05. Furthermore, using the NIST 800-22 test indicates the resulting bits sequence has a P-value>0.01 with a proportion value more significant than the minimum pass rate for all tests. The implementation of the TRNG proposed scheme on the ZedBoard Zynq-7000 presents the percentage of resource utilization is 0.06% register, 0.14% LUT slice, and DSP = 1.5%.