Autonomous use of fractal structure in low cost, multiband and compact navigational antenna

Abstract

Different fractal structures and their relevance in navigational antennas have been studied. Based on multiband characteristics and pe rformance of si erpinski gask et fr actal structures, a dual band, low profile antenna is devised in thi s paper. Cla ssical fra ctal st ructures h ave be en g enerated with extensive use of MATL AB, dime nsions o f the parasitic lay ers are determined v ia sev eral optimizations in Ma thCAD and finally design analysis is carried out using Ansoft Designer. The performance of this antenna is theoretically measured in terms of its return loss, gain radiation pattern and axial ratio. The multi layered physical antenna has been fabricated using glass epoxy substrate material contributing acceptable bandwidth in both bands. The measured performance of the fabricated antenna has been analyzed and evaluated with the theoretical outcomes.