Smart sticker including split square rings for adapting mobile phone radiation pattern to lower SAR

Abstract

A Split Square Rings (SSR) based on a sticker is presented to modify the direction of mobile phone radiation pattern. This smart sticker permits the radiation from the antenna of a phone to steer away from the user head. The presented smart sticker is designed for 5 GHz WiFi band (IEEE 802.11ac) for VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) and data applications. It is observed that the smart sticker reduces the peak SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) value averaged over 10g of human head tissues from 2.11 W/kg to a safety value of 1.46 W/kg (a reduction of over 30%).