The 2016 Power Trading Agent Competition

W. Ketter, John Collins, P. P. Reddy, M. D. Weerdt
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引用次数: 22

Abstract

This is the specification for the Power Trading Agent Competition for 2012 (Power TAC 2012). Power TAC is a competitive simulation that models a “liberalized” retail electrical energy market, where competing business entities or “brokers” offer energy services to customers through tariff contracts, and must then serve those customers by trading in a wholesale market. Brokers are challenged to maximize their profits by buying and selling energy in the wholesale and retail markets, subject to fixed costs and constraints. Costs include fees for publication and withdrawal of tariffs, and distribution fees for transporting energy to their contracted customers. Costs are also incurred whenever there is an imbalance between a broker’s total contracted energy supply and demand within a given time slot. The simulation environment models a wholesale market, a regulated distribution utility, and a population of energy customers, situated in a real location on Earth during a specific period for which weather data is available. The wholesale market is a relatively simple call market, similar to many existing wholesale electric power markets, such as Nord Pool in Scandinavia or FERC markets in North America, but unlike the FERC markets we are modeling a single region, and therefore we do not model location-marginal pricing. Customer models include households and a variety of commercial and industrial entities, many of which have production capacity (such as solar panels or wind turbines) as well as electric vehicles. All have “real-time” metering to support allocation of their hourly supply and demand to their subscribed brokers, and all are approximate utility maximizers with respect to tariff selection, although the factors making up their utility functions may include aversion to change and complexity that can retard uptake of marginally better tariff offers. The distribution utility models the regulated natural monopoly that owns the regional distribution network, and is responsible for maintenance of its infrastructure and for real-time balancing of supply and demand. The balancing process is a market-based mechanism that uses economic incentives to encourage brokers to achieve balance within their portfolios of tariff subscribers and wholesale market positions, in the face of stochastic customer behaviors and weather-dependent renewable energy sources. The broker with the highest bank balance at the end of the simulation wins.
2016 年电力交易代理竞赛
这是 2012 年电力交易代理竞赛(Power TAC 2012)的规格说明。电力 TAC 是一种模拟 "自由化 "零售电力市场的竞争模式,在这种模式下,相互竞争的商业实体或 "经纪人 "通过关税合同向客户提供能源服务,然后必须通过批发市场交易为这些客户提供服务。经纪人面临的挑战是,在固定成本和限制条件下,通过在批发和零售市场买卖能源,实现利润最大化。成本包括电价的公布和撤销费用,以及向签约客户输送能源的配送费用。当经纪人的合同能源供需总量在特定时段内出现不平衡时,也会产生成本。仿真环境模拟了一个批发市场、一个受监管的配电公用事业公司和一群能源客户,它们位于地球上一个有气象数据的特定时期的真实地点。批发市场是一个相对简单的看涨市场,类似于许多现有的电力批发市场,如斯堪的纳维亚半岛的 Nord Pool 或北美的 FERC 市场,但与 FERC 市场不同的是,我们模拟的是单一地区,因此我们不模拟地点边际定价。客户模型包括家庭和各种工商业实体,其中许多都具有生产能力(如太阳能电池板或风力涡轮机)以及电动汽车。所有客户都有 "实时 "计量装置,以支持将其每小时的供需分配给所订购的经纪商,在选择电价方面,所有客户都是近似的效用最大化者,尽管构成其效用函数的因素可能包括对变化和复杂性的厌恶,这可能会阻碍对稍好的电价报价的接受。配电公用事业是受监管的自然垄断模式,拥有地区配电网络,负责维护其基础设施和实时供需平衡。平衡过程是一种基于市场的机制,利用经济激励机制鼓励经纪人在面对随机的客户行为和受天气影响的可再生能源时,在其电价用户组合和批发市场头寸中实现平衡。模拟结束时,银行余额最高的经纪人获胜。
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