A Comparative Study to Assess the Quality of Bone following Ridge Augmentation with Autografts and Allografts: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of bone at the augmented site in the anterior maxilla and mandible. Materials and methods: Ten patients with inadequate bone for implant placement were included in this study. Of these 10 patients with inadequate bone volume, five were chosen to be treated with autogenous bone grafts (AT) and rest five patients were treated with freeze dried corticocancellous allografts (AL). Three months following grafting, biopsies of the grafted area were obtained using a 3 mm trephine bur and were histologically evaluated. Results: Histological analysis revealed areas of new bone formation with thick trabeculae with lacunae containing osteo­ cytes in the autogenous group, whereas the allograft group showed segments of necrotic bone with empty lacunae. Although, the AL group has an inherent advantage of avoidance of a secondary surgical site, showed decreased bone remodeling as compared to the autografts. Conclusion: All the 10 patients underwent implant placement. The reports regarding the nature of bone obtained during implant placement clearly depicts a comparable histological variation at the grafted site.