Utilizing Real-Time Downhole and Along String Measurements During Drilling and Cementing Operations to Improve Managed Pressure Operations in a Complex High Pressure, High Temperature North Sea Well

T. Brian, A. Hawthorn, D. Groves
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Abstract

Several mature fields in the North Sea experience significant challenges relating to high pressures and temperatures accompanied with the infill drilling challenge of very narrow margins between pore and fracture pressures. To navigate these narrow mud weight windows, it is critical to understand the bottom hole pressure. However, in the cases of fractured formations above the target zones, severe losses can be encountered during drilling and cementing operations often leading to the inability to maintain a full mud column at all times and even threaten the ability to reach TD. The operator therefore decided to investigate the use of a new acoustic telemetry system that could provide internal and external pressure measurements, (along with other downhole measurements) independently of traditional mud pulse telemetry in the drilling assembly. Real-time distributed pressure data essential to understanding the downhole conditions could therefore be provided regardless of circulation, even under severe losses or during tripping and cementing operations. This acoustic telemetry network was deployed on several wells through multiple hole sizes and including losses management, liner running and cementing operations. The initial primary purpose of running the network was the ability to monitor the top of the mud at all times, even in significant loss situations. As real-time data was acquired it became apparent that the data could also be used in real-time to aid and help quantify the actual downhole pressures. The use of this downhole data was modified and new calculations designed for simpler visualization of equivalent circulating densities at the shoe, bit and identified weak zones in the well at depths beyond the acoustic tools themselves. This data was used to manage the bottom hole pressure within a 300 psi mud weight window to ultimately enable the well to be delivered to planned TD. The tool and calculations helped verify managed pressure connections and subsequent pump ramp up and down operations to minimize pressure fluctuations in the well. Additionally the data was used during dynamic formation integrity testing and to measure and calculate ECD at various positions along the drillstring and casing when downhole PWD measurements were unavailable. This paper will describe how the implementation of new technology through the downhole acoustic network was deployed and the lessons learned in how the real-time data was used, changed and adapted in this particular well. Due to this deployment the acoustic telemetry network will now be used on upcoming equally challenging wells and its range of operations expanded to include drilling, tripping and liner cementing operations.
在钻井和固井作业期间,利用实时井下和沿柱测量技术,改善北海复杂高压高温井的控压作业
北海的几个成熟油田面临着与高压和高温相关的重大挑战,同时也面临着孔隙压力和破裂压力之间边界非常窄的充填钻井挑战。为了在狭窄的泥浆比重窗口内进行作业,了解井底压力至关重要。然而,在目标层以上的裂缝地层中,在钻井和固井作业中可能会遇到严重的漏失,通常会导致无法始终保持完整的泥浆柱,甚至威胁到达到TD的能力。因此,作业者决定研究使用一种新的声波遥测系统,该系统可以独立于钻井组合中的传统泥浆脉冲遥测技术,提供内部和外部压力测量(以及其他井下测量)。因此,无论循环如何,即使在严重漏失或起下钻和固井作业期间,也可以提供实时分布压力数据,这对于了解井下状况至关重要。该声波遥测网络应用于多口井,涉及多种井眼尺寸,包括漏失管理、尾管下入和固井作业。运行该网络的最初主要目的是能够随时监测泥浆顶部,即使在严重漏失的情况下也是如此。随着实时数据的获取,很明显,这些数据也可以用于实时辅助和帮助量化实际的井下压力。对这些井下数据的使用进行了修改,设计了新的计算方法,以便更简单地可视化鞋、钻头的等效循环密度,并在声波工具本身以外的深度识别井中的薄弱区域。该数据用于控制300 psi泥浆比重窗口内的井底压力,最终使油井能够按计划完成完井作业。该工具和计算有助于验证控制压力连接和随后的泵升降操作,以最大限度地减少井中的压力波动。此外,该数据还用于动态地层完整性测试,以及在无法获得井下PWD测量数据时,测量和计算沿钻柱和套管不同位置的ECD。本文将介绍如何通过井下声学网络实施新技术,以及在该井中如何使用、改变和适应实时数据的经验教训。由于此次部署,声波遥测网络现在将用于即将到来的同样具有挑战性的井,其作业范围扩大到包括钻井、起下钻和尾管固井作业。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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