Cathepsin D in breast cancer: from molecular and cellular biology to clinical applications.

IF 3.5 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
H Rochefort, F Capony, M Garcia
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Abstract

Cathepsin D is a ubiquitously expressed lysosomal protease. Initially synthesized as an inactive precursor of 52 kD (pro-cathepsin D), the enzyme is subsequently converted to its active forms by proteolytic processing. Breast cancer cells, unlike normal cells, secrete high levels of pro-cathepsin D; this abnormal secretion is due to both overexpression of the gene and altered processing of the protein. Recent transfection experiments indicate that overexpression of cathepsin D can increase the metastatic potential of tumor cells in nude mice. This study complements clinical studies, which have shown than high cathepsin D concentrations in the cytosol of primary breast cancers may be predictive of subsequent metastasis, particularly for patients with axillary node-negative tumors. These results, and the potential mechanisms by which cathepsin D may promote metastasis, are considered here.

组织蛋白酶D在乳腺癌中的作用:从分子细胞生物学到临床应用。
组织蛋白酶D是一种普遍表达的溶酶体蛋白酶。该酶最初是作为52 kD(前组织蛋白酶D)的无活性前体合成的,随后通过蛋白水解加工转化为其活性形式。与正常细胞不同,乳腺癌细胞分泌高水平的前组织蛋白酶D;这种异常分泌是由于基因的过度表达和蛋白质加工的改变。最近的转染实验表明,过表达组织蛋白酶D可以增加裸鼠肿瘤细胞的转移潜能。该研究补充了临床研究,临床研究表明原发性乳腺癌细胞质中高组织蛋白酶D浓度可能预测随后的转移,特别是对于腋窝淋巴结阴性肿瘤患者。这些结果,以及组织蛋白酶D可能促进转移的潜在机制,在这里被考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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