DİLBİLİM TARİHİ BAĞLAMINDA RUS DİLBİLİMİN GELİŞİM SÜRECİ

Abstract

Development of linguistics has gone through various stages until it became an independent science. The universal structure of the language, as well as the features that distinguish it from other languages, form the basis of linguistic research. Linguistics researchers have different views and fields of study on this basis. Throughout the history of linguistics, research on language and the methods used by these researches have led to the emergence of different schools. Scientists who were influenced from each others, used the same methods in the language they studied and from time to time they contributed to the expansion of linguistics by adding on these methods and studies. Similar processes exist for linguistic studies in Russia. Russian linguists, who are followers of the studies in the field of linguistics, have been the founders of new movements and schools, while operating on a similar level to the studies of other scientists. In the beginning, dictionary studies and research in the field of dictionary and grammar studies have evolved into evaluation of nature of language, comparison of languages, evaluating historical aspects, social and spiritual aspects of language. The intensity of studies in the field of linguistics in Russia increased gradually in the 19th century and formed the basis for 20th-century linguistic studies. Russian linguists who carried out their studies in the 19th-century both influenced their contemporaries and became a guided 20th-century linguists. In this respect, the aim of the study is to examine the developmental stages of linguistics in Russia based on the history of linguistics and to reveal these stages in general terms. In addition, the studies of Russian linguists and the development of Russian linguistics in the historical process are mentioned.