Analysis of the optimal battery sizing for plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles on the power consumption and V2G availability

Abstract

The interest in electric vehicles (EVs) experiences a strong growth. Batteries of EVs will be charged at home, which means there will be an increase in the household power consumption. This impact on the distribution and transmission grid can be minimized by e.g. (i) a coordinated charging strategy and (ii) choosing an optimal battery size for each vehicle. A second drawback of EVs are the high cost and weight of the batteries. This paper proposes some allocation scenarios to allocate battery sizes to a fleet of plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Based on statistical data of Flanders (northern region in Belgium), a fleet of vehicles with realistic driving patterns is created, which is used to choose the optimal battery size. Different allocation scenarios will be compared regarding the effect on the proportion electric driving, the extra household power consumption and the fleet availability for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) services.