OBSERVATIONS OF SPACE DEBRIS IN THE VICINITY OF ORBITS OF GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS

I. Korobtsev, T. Tsukker, M. Mishina, V. Goryashin, M. Eselevich
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Abstract

The problem of the amount and characteristics of space debris in the vicinity of orbits of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is of significant interest from the viewpoint of safe operation of these systems. Attempts have repeatedly been made to search for space debris fragments in a given region of orbits, but have not led to cataloging such objects. Only in 2018, eight space objects were discovered which were not related to active or inactive spacecraft or their launch elements. Photometrical and trajectory observations with optical telescopes are practically the only source of information about characteristics of such objects. The paper presents a summary of the design features and technical characteristics of the new AZT-33VM telescope. We describe a technique for determining orbital parameters of non-cataloged space debris from optical measurements. We report the results of photometric observations of a space object, detected in the vicinity of orbits of the Global Navigation Satellite System GLONASS.
对全球导航卫星系统轨道附近空间碎片的观测
从全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)安全运行的角度来看,全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)轨道附近空间碎片的数量和特征问题具有重要意义。人们曾多次尝试在轨道的某一特定区域寻找空间碎片碎片,但没有对这类物体进行编目。仅在2018年,就发现了8个与现役或非现役航天器及其发射元件无关的太空物体。光学望远镜的光度和轨迹观测实际上是关于这类天体特征的唯一信息来源。介绍了新型AZT-33VM望远镜的设计特点和技术特点。我们描述了一种从光学测量中确定非编目空间碎片轨道参数的技术。我们报告在全球导航卫星系统GLONASS轨道附近探测到的一个空间物体的光度观测结果。
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