Effect of Risperidone and Olanzapine on blood glucose levels and lipid profile among individuals with schizophrenia

Abstract

Background: Treatment of schizophrenia requires use of antipsychotics for considerable time. Studies established that patients have risk of metabolic side effects. Objectives: To study fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profile in schizophrenic patients and to see that same was present in study population. Methods: This study was conducted at psychiatry outpatient department, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kanchanbari Biratnagar from October 2018 till august 2019 after due approval from college ethics committee. A total of 50 consenting drug naive schizophrenia patients 17- 60 years of age, with no comorbidity, were divided alternatively into two groups. group 1 was treated with olanzapine, group 2 with risperidone for eight weeks. With flexible dosage for ease of the therapy and individual patient requirement. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile was measured at day baseline, four, eight weeks. Results: There was rise of fasting blood glucose in both groups but more in olanzapine group with no statistically significant intergroup difference (The p-value after eight weeks was 0.504). In lipid profile, mean total cholesterol levels were higher in the group 1, (p = 0.005 after eight weeks). Triglycerides, on intergroup comparison significant difference (p = 0.002) was noted. Higher values in group 1 were recorded. However, very low-density lipoprotein was elevated (p = 0.003) in group1 only. Conclusion: olanzapine and risperidone cause non-significant rise in fasting blood sugar. Olanzapine caused statistically significant rise of total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein as compared to risperidone.