IN THE SETTING OF AN EXPLOSION. THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY IN JOURNALISM OF YU.M. LOTMAN

A. Gotovtseva, Dmitry E. Kuzovkin
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Abstract

The article is focusing on an application of the theory of explosion to the processes of the late 80s – early 90s in the USSR in the journalistic texts of Lotman. In the last years of his life, which coincided with perestroika and the collapse of the USSR, Lotman often acted as a publicist. That was facilitated both by external circumstances (scientific fame and the popularity of the TV shows “Conversations about Russian culture”, which provided him with an unprecedentedly wide audience for a humanities scholar), and an internal need associated with the desire to understand rapidly changing circumstances. Lotman’s journalism is closely related to his scientific work. Thus, the theory of the explosion as a cultural phenomenon, which gradually took shape in his works during the 1980s and early 1990s, found, perhaps unexpectedly for the author himself, confirmation in the collapse of the USSR. Lotman’s reaction to those events was very complex. As a researcher, he was well aware of the nature and mechanisms of the cultural explosion, and in that sense, reality stimulated his scientific research. As a “common person” (that is how Lotman positioned himself), he was confused and alarmed by the unpredictability of the modern world, as can be seen from his letters. The desire to connect these two poles, to take a certain civic position, in which a sober understanding of current events merges with an emotional reaction to them, forced Lotman to turn to journalism. The scientist defined the pathos of his publicistic speeches as “restrained optimism”, balancing between hope and anxiety. Several layers are distinguished in those texts: autobiographical, historical, theoretical. The object of the study is the public speeches of the late Lotman, letters, autobiographical text
在爆炸的背景下。20世纪末中国新闻学的发展。秉承
本文的重点是在洛特曼的新闻文本中将爆炸理论应用于80年代末- 90年代初苏联的过程。在他生命的最后几年,恰逢改革和苏联解体,洛特曼经常担任公关人员。这一方面得益于外部环境(科学名声和电视节目《俄罗斯文化对话》的流行,这为人文学者提供了前所未有的广泛受众),另一方面也得益于内部需求,即渴望了解迅速变化的环境。洛特曼的新闻工作与他的科学工作密切相关。因此,在他80年代和90年代初的作品中逐渐形成的爆炸理论作为一种文化现象,在苏联的解体中得到了证实,这对作者本人来说可能是出乎意料的。洛特曼对这些事件的反应非常复杂。作为一名研究者,他深知文化爆炸的本质和机制,从这个意义上说,现实刺激了他的科学研究。作为一个“普通人”(这是洛特曼对自己的定位),他对现代世界的不可预测性感到困惑和震惊,这从他的信件中可以看出。想要把这两个极端联系起来,想要站在某种公民的立场上,对时事的冷静理解与对它们的情感反应相结合,这迫使洛特曼转向新闻业。这位科学家将他的公开演讲中的悲情定义为“克制的乐观主义”,在希望和焦虑之间取得平衡。这些文本有几个层次:自传体的、历史的、理论的。研究对象是洛特曼后期的公开演讲、书信、自传体文本
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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