Design and Implementation of a Microstrip Patch Antenna for the Detection of Cancers and Tumors in Skeletal Muscle of the Human Body Using ISM Band

Abstract

Considering numerous benefits of Microwave Imaging (MI) regarding the Biomedical sector, in this paper, the simulation of a Microstrip Patch Antenna has been done in the CST Studio Suite 2019 Software, which is capable of Microwave Imaging (MI) for detecting Cancer/Tumor of Skeletal Muscle. The Antenna operates at 2.45 GHz (ISM-Band), consisting of a maximum frequency of 1.6 GHz and a minimum frequency of 3.2 GHz, respectively. In this paper, a three-layer Human Body Phantom has been created consisting of Skin, Fat, and Muscle, and then a small size (5 mm) tumor has been placed on the muscle portion of the Phantom. The Antenna was applied at three distances of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm from the Phantom to deduce the Antenna's performance. The SAR values of 0.000287 W/kg, 0.000229 W/kg, and 0.0000346 W/kg were obtained after applying the Antenna to the Cancer-affected body phantom at the Antenna to the Body Phantom distances of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm, respectively with a resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz which fulfills the minimum SAR requirement of 1.6 W/kg governed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The other obtained output parameters are Return Loss (S1,1), VSWR, Polar Radiation, Directivity (3D), etc. This demonstrates that the simulated Antenna is a better option for diagnosing the Early-Stage Cancers/Tumors in Skeletal muscles.