Abstracts from other journals

Abstract

s From Other Journals Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S Outcome and prognostic factors following curative-intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014). J Small Anim Pract. 2017;58(3):146-153 Objectives: To describe the long-term outcomes and prognostic factors associated with curative-intent surgery for oral tumours in a large series of dogs. Methods: Retrospective review of records for dogs with oral tumours treated with curative-intent surgery. Data collected included signalment, weight, surgical procedure, lymph node staging results, computed tomography results, tumour size, histopathology results including margin evaluation, complications, adjunctive therapies, local recurrence or metastasis, date and cause of death and owner satisfaction. Results: Median cause-specific survival was shortest for malignant melanoma (206 days) and osteosarcoma (209 days). Local recurrence rate was highest for fibrosarcoma (54.2%) and distant metastatic rate was highest for malignant melanoma (30%). Curative-intent surgery resulted in complete surgical margins in 85.2% of cases. Clinical Significance: Results suggest tumour type, completeness of excision, tumour size, and age may affect disease-free interval and cause-specific survival. Fibrosarcoma had a higher risk of recurrence compared to other tumour types. Liptak JM, Thatcher GP, Bray JP Reconstruction of a mandibular segmental defect with a customized 3-dimensional-printed titanium prosthesis in a cat with a mandibular osteosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(8):900-908 Case Description: A 12-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat had been treated for a mass arising from the lingual aspect of the caudal right mandibular body. Cytoreductive surgery of the mass had been performed twice over a 2-year period, but the mass recurred following both surgeries. The mass was diagnosed as an osteosarcoma, and the cat was referred for further evaluation and treatment. Clinical Findings: Clinical findings were unremarkable, except for a 2-cm-diameter mass arising from the lingual aspect of the right mandible and mild anemia and lymphopenia. Preand postcontrast CT scans of the head, neck, and thorax were performed, revealing that the osteosarcoma was confined to the caudal right mandibular body, with no evidence of lymph node or pulmonary metastasis. Treatment and Outcome: The stereolithographic files of the CT scan of the head were sent for computer-aided design and manufacture of a customized 3-D-printed titanium prosthesis. Segmental mandibulectomy was performed, and the mandibular defect was reconstructed in a single stage with the 3-D-printed titanium prosthesis. The cat had 1 minor postoperative complication but had no signs of eating difficulties at any point after surgery. The cat was alive and disease free 14 months postoperatively. Clinical Relevance: Reconstruction of the mandible of a cat following mandibulectomy was possible with computer-aided design and manufacture of a customized 3-D-printed titanium prosthesis. Cats have a high rate of complications following mandibulectomy, and these initial findings suggested that mandibular reconstruction may reduce the risk of these complications and result in a better functional outcome. Bray JP, Kersley A, Downing W, Crosse KR, Worth AJ, House AK, Yates G, Coomer AR, Brown IWM Clinical outcomes of patient-specific porous titanium endoprostheses in dogs withtumors of the mandible, radius, or tibia: 12 cases (2013-2016). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;251(5):566-579 Objective: To characterize the processes involved in and outcomes achieved with custom-designed patient-specific implants to provide functional replacement of skeletal structures in dogs with tumors of the mandible, radius, or tibia. Design: Prospective case series. Animals: 6 dogs with mandibular tumors, 5 with tumors of the distal aspect of the radius, and 1 with a tumor in the distal aspect of the tibia treated from June 2013 to September 2016 at 3 referral centers. Procedures: After tumor staging, implants were designed from patients’ CT scans by means of various computer-aided design applications and printed by means of selective laser melting in titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium alloy. A cutting jig was created in thermoplastic to ensure each osteotomy was performed as planned. Following ostectomy, the implant was secured into the defect with screws of appropriate size and length. Results: Initial return to normal clinical function was good to excellent for 11 of the 12 dogs. However, major complications resulted in revision of the implant or amputation of the limb in 5 dogs, and at least 3 of these complications were considered a consequence of faulty implant design or manufacturing. Infection developed in 2 dogs and was successfully treated in 1 dog. The longest-surviving dog maintained good limb function for 2 years. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: This is the largest reported series of dogs managed with customized 3-D-printed titanium implants. The 3-D Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 2017, Vol. 34(4) 288-289 a The Author(s) 2017 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0898756417742251 journals.sagepub.com/home/jov printing allowed complex and patient-specific 3-D geometries to be fabricated, enabling function-sparing treatment of bone cancer affecting multiple anatomic sites. Greiner CL, Verstraete FJM, Stover SM, Garcia TC, Leale D, Arzi B Biomechanical evaluation of two plating configurations for fixation of a simple transverse caudal mandibular fracture model in cats. Am J Vet Res. 2017;78(6):702-711 Objective: To evaluate biomechanical properties of intact feline mandibles, compared with those for mandibles with an experimentally created osteotomy that was stabilized with 1 of 2 internal fixation configurations. Samples: 20 mandibles from 10 adult feline cadavers. Procedures: An incomplete block study design was used to assign the mandibles of each cadaver to 2 of 3 groups (locking plate with locking screws [locking construct], locking plate with nonlocking screws [nonlocking construct], or intact). Within each cadaver, mandibles were randomly assigned to the assigned treatments. For mandibles assigned to the locking and nonlocking constructs, a simple transverse osteotomy was created caudal to the mandibular first molar tooth after plate application. All mandibles were loaded in cantilever bending in a single-load-to-failure test while simultaneously recording load and actuator displacement. Mode of failure (bone or plate failure) was recorded, and radiographic evidence of tooth root and mandibular canal damage was evaluated. Mechanical properties were compared among the 3 groups. Results: Stiffness, bending moments, and most post-yield energies for mandibles with the locking and nonlocking constructs were significantly lower than those for intact mandibles. Peak bending moment and stiffness for mandibles with the locking construct were significantly greater than those for mandibles with the nonlocking construct. Mode of failure and frequency of screw damage to tooth roots and the mandibular canal did not differ between the locking and nonlocking constructs. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Results indicated that both fixation constructs were mechanically inferior to intact mandibles. The locking construct was mechanically stronger than the nonlocking construct. Ng KK, Fiani N, Peralta S. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;251(3):281-283. No abstract available. Skinner AA, Niemiec BA. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(12):1373-1376. No abstract available. Collados J, Rice CA. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017 Jun 1;250(11):1239-1241. No abstract available. Castejon-Gonzalez A, Villamizar-Martinez L, Reiter AM. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(10):1101-1103. No abstract available. Tjepkema J. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(8):847-850. No abstract available. Departments, Announcements, and News 289