Application of intelligence of swarm in architecture

Abstract

Last two decades some architects have used tools, which are based on nature principles. Thanks to globalization and multidisciplinary, contemporary architecture uses principles based on computing design, engineering, sociology or nature systems. Implementation of these principles brings new possibilities to architecture and design and new ways how to develop it. This paper focuses on intelligence of swarm (SI) in architecture and describes several principles and examples which are using intelligence of nature systems like ants, birds, locusts etc. Contemporary Architecture should count with many changes which are still in progress. It is very difficult to predict, what will be tomorrow. Using of the dynamic principles in architecture, design and civil engineering could help us to be ready for these changes. Like ant colony or schooling of fish can adapt on non-predicted changes, also city or building should be capable of this. This is not useful just for dynamic and kinetic architecture, but also for finding a form of static building or city. In this paper several SI algorithms and four types of SI use in architecture are described: space optimization, swarm urbanism, swarm modelling and swarm robotics.