Цифровізація освіти як вектор підготовки фахівців ХХI століття

Abstract

The article deals with the analysis of phenomenon of digitalization of higher education as a factor of training of specialists who are able to provide professional functions in socio-economic conditions in the XXI century. The major directions of application of digitalization in education have been analyzed, the characteristic of digital educational environment has been carried out, the advantages and disadvantages (risks, related to the loose of skills in written fixation of the main ideas of the proposed material due to using electronic versions of educational programs, and, as a result, deterioration of the ability to remember and rethink it; risks of impaired ability to absorb large amounts of information due to «digest mania»; the risk of students’ developing so-called screen dependence; risks of possible reduction of mental abilities – «development of digital dementia»; risks of displacing live intercourse as communication, which in many cases is significantly more relevant for participants of the educational process than electronic learning technologies; risks related to health; threats posed by cybercrime; risks of system failures; risks of information manipulation) of digitalization of education have been highlighted. It has been generalized that digitalization of education – is a step to future that will change not just a content of educational courses, but also is a vector of information presentation. Development of digital technologies in the field of education is dictated by relevance and supported at the state level and in general. Digitalization – is a new social situation of «digital divide», «digital citizenship», «digital socialization». It has been emphasized that in the process of digitalization the structure of studying and the organization of the educational process are fundamentally changing. Use of new information and communication technologies is an initial condition of further development of digital pedagogy. From the point of view of methodology, digitalization of the higher education system is based on new educational standards, using the competence approach. It has been stated that today Ukrainian institutions of higher education use two-component information and educational environment, which combines the resources of international educational platforms with the content of personal developments, which contributes to the development of their own information potential. At the same time, it has been summarized that nowadays it is necessary to introduce modern digital base of educational process – the information and educational environment (IEE). The efficient implementation of the IEE is a basis for the development of any IHE. It has been found that digitalization of higher education will make changes in the qualification requirements of the teaching staff. Thus, instructors actively use digital technologies. IHE use new formats of knowledge transfer, first of all online courses. Such actions will lead to a serious restructuring of the educational process, changing the role of the teacher, who will not further explain any material, but will help to find the location of the necessary information and understand it.