Examining Reception of GNSS Underwater using a Smartphone

Ma Yuan, Sherman Lo
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Abstract

One of the limits of GNSS is in its use in the oceans and other bodies of water. While it can serve some ocean surface applications, its use for tracking marine life that rarely surfaces is limited. However, if we can understand how far underwater GNSS may be received, we can further extend its use envelope and perhaps enable it to serve more marine tracking applications. This paper examines the limits of GNSS reception underwater with measurements data from a smartphone as well as theoretical modeling. Different types of water (tap, distilled and salt) are examined as they have different electrical properties which affects the attenuation of the GNSS signals. The paper also examines the difference in smartphones L1 and L5 reception both on land and underwater. two GNSS frequencies, L1 and L5 see the effect of frequency on attenuation by Different forms of salt their effect. Our test results showed that GNSS can reasonably be received under 10 cm of freshwater. In salt the attenuation greater and with reliable reception found at 2.5 cm depth. Of utilized a are not high quality (efficiency) GNSS a better antenna, empirical results more loss than on
使用智能手机测试水下GNSS接收
全球导航卫星系统的限制之一是它在海洋和其他水体中的使用。虽然它可以用于一些海洋表面应用,但它在追踪很少浮出水面的海洋生物方面的用途是有限的。然而,如果我们能够了解GNSS可以在水下接收到多远,我们就可以进一步扩展其使用范围,也许使其能够服务于更多的海洋跟踪应用。本文通过智能手机的测量数据和理论建模来研究水下GNSS接收的限制。由于不同类型的水(自来水、蒸馏水和咸水)具有不同的电学特性,从而影响全球导航卫星系统信号的衰减,因此对它们进行了检查。本文还研究了智能手机L1和L5在陆地和水下的接收差异。两个GNSS频率,L1和L5看到频率对衰减的影响通过不同形式的盐它们的影响。我们的测试结果表明,在10厘米的淡水下可以合理地接收到GNSS。在盐中,衰减更大,在2.5 cm深度处有可靠的接收。采用了质量不高(效率不高)的GNSS天线,经验结果比采用损耗更大
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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