Assessment and classification of selected ITS in Poland

Abstract

The work presents a review of selected Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in Poland. In the vast majority of the 29 cities that have been classified by the Central Statistical Office in Poland as the largest cities in terms of population, the ITS already exist. In the article selected the ITS in cities with the largest population and where the system was implemented comprehensively i.e. it was implemented as one integrated system. In the case of the already built urban ITS systems, the assessment of the implementation was carried out, among others, on the basis of earlier assumed indicators. These indicators were usually limited to a relative reduction of travel time in the area covered by the project, calculated separately for individual and public transport. Due to the implementation of the priority for public transport assumed a stronger effect of reducing the travel time by public vehicles than the individual one. The values of the travel time reduction were planned at around 5-10%. Post-implementation descriptions of systems also indicate qualitative indicators, such as reducing the number of stops, obtaining traffic improvement, increasing safety and more efficient response to the occurring events. In connection with the above, the authors have compiled the essential functions and roles of selected systems as well as obtained quantitative and qualitative indicators of implementations. The article also presents the classification of the particular ITS, which was implemented on the basis of the obtained data and which includes, inter alia, the cost of building the system, population, implemented subsystems and the number of intersections with traffic lights covered by the ITS system. This compilation allows to see existing correlations between selected parameters and to determine trends and dependencies of individual values. Another important element of the work is the analysis of Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for selected ITS. These indicators allow to determine the values achieved through the use of ITS systems and monitor their current effectiveness. The indicators are, among others, recommended by the EU in order to uniform and standardize the assessment of the effects of implementing ITS road systems. As a result of literature research selected KPI that are possible to be calculated from available data and referred those KPI to selected projects and implementations of ITS in Poland. The authors also pay attention to the need for changes in the approach to the implementation of ITS systems or applications, which should take into account the needs of end users of the system. The association of the consumer with the values offered by ITS allows for the determination of a long-lasting and effective strategy for the implementation and development of systems.