Effect of Purple Blotch Farm Management Practices on Onion Production in Uganda

I. Mohammed, P. Ipulet, A. Kangire
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Abstract

Onion is one of the most important commercial vegetable crops grown intensively in the world. Purple blotch found in all the growing regions is the most destructive of all onion diseases. Detailed studies on the disease's management practices had not been conducted in Uganda. The objective of this study was to establish the effect of purple blotch disease management practices on onion production. Kabale, Kasese, and Mbale regions were identified as the major onion-growing regions. Five farms/onion varieties/regions were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 52 farm owners who were interviewed. The results revealed the majority were small-scale peasant farmers with mean acreage of 0.64-1.94, which varied significantly p=.000, and Kasese had the highest. Eight onion varieties were recorded: Bombay red, Hazera, Hybrid, Malbec, Red coach, Red creole, S-Zee and Tanzania, with Red creole grown in all the regions. Kabale registered the highest number of farms (40.3%), Kasese district (25.0%), the highest mean production of 6,329.9 kg/season, and Namisindwa (21.1%) the second. The main source of seed was Agro input dealers. The use of artificial fertiliser was highest in Mbale (72.7%) and lowest in Kasese (50%), though it did not vary p>.05 significantly. Only farmers in Kabale and Kasese had access to credit facilities, agricultural extension workers and farmers' groups, with Kasese in the lead. Onion purple blotch disease and thrips were the main problem in all the regions and were controlled using chemicals: 100%, 90.9% and 88.3% in Mbale, Kabale, and Kasese, respectively. Weeding of farms was lowest in Mbale (mean = 3.88) and highest in Kasese (4 .84). In conclusion, growing the right onion variety, farmer groups, access to credit facilities, and genuine farm inputs are necessary for a sustainable onion agribusiness in Uganda
乌干达紫斑病农场管理措施对洋葱生产的影响
洋葱是世界上最重要的集约化经济蔬菜作物之一。紫斑病是所有洋葱病害中最具破坏性的一种。乌干达尚未对该病的管理做法进行详细研究。本研究的目的是确定紫斑病管理措施对洋葱生产的影响。Kabale、Kasese和Mbale地区被确定为主要的洋葱种植区。对五个农场/洋葱品种/地区进行了半结构化问卷调查,52个农场主接受了采访。结果显示,以小农为主,平均种植面积为0.64 ~ 1.94,差异有统计学意义(p=)。000人,其中卡塞人最多。记录了8个洋葱品种:孟买红、哈泽拉、杂交、马尔贝克、红教练、红克里奥尔、S-Zee和坦桑尼亚,其中红克里奥尔种植在所有地区。卡巴莱的农场数量最多(40.3%),卡塞塞区(25.0%),平均产量最高,为6329.9公斤/季,Namisindwa次之(21.1%)。种子的主要来源是农业投入品经销商。人工施肥在Mbale地区最高(72.7%),在Kasese地区最低(50%),但差异无p>。05显著。只有卡巴莱和卡塞塞的农民能够获得信贷设施、农业推广人员和农民团体的帮助,而卡塞塞处于领先地位。洋葱紫斑病和蓟马是所有地区的主要问题,使用化学药品进行控制:在Mbale、Kabale和Kasese分别为100%、90.9%和88.3%。Mbale农场除草率最低(平均3.88),Kasese农场除草率最高(平均4.84)。总之,种植合适的洋葱品种、农民团体、获得信贷设施和真正的农业投入是乌干达可持续洋葱农业综合企业的必要条件
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