Serbia gains independence in 1878. Illusions and reality

L. Kuzmicheva
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Abstract

Serbia became an independent state after the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878. Relations between the Russian Empire and the Serbian Principality deteriorated on the eve of the signing of the Treaty of Berlin. This was largely due to the personal position of the Serbian Prince Milan. Serbian leadership considered it impossible to support Russia in the event of a new war. For the Russian side, the unwillingness of the Serbian side to follow Russia's recommendations was unexpected. Serbian historiography has long argued that this position of Serbia was due to the infringement of Serbian national interests in the course of signing of the Treaty of San Stefano. Serbian territorial claims were not satisfied, and the creation of Greater Bulgaria seemed unfair to the Serbs. However, sources indicate that the rejection of consultations with Russia occurred not only for this reason. Prince Milan took a determined course for an Alliance with Austria-Hungary and a break-up with Russia. This is recognised by modern Serbian historiography. The departure from consultations with the Russian Empire and the rapprochement with the Habsburg monarchy largely determined the nature of Serbia's state-building, as well as its relations with neighbouring Balkan States. Serbia gained the status of an independent state, but at the same time became dependent on its Northern neighbour - Austria-Hungary.
1878年,塞尔维亚获得独立。幻想与现实
塞尔维亚在1877-1878年俄土战争后成为一个独立的国家。俄罗斯帝国和塞尔维亚公国之间的关系在《柏林条约》签署前夕恶化。这主要是由于塞尔维亚王子米兰的个人立场。塞尔维亚领导人认为,如果发生新的战争,他们不可能支持俄罗斯。对俄罗斯方面来说,塞尔维亚方面不愿采纳俄罗斯的建议是出乎意料的。塞尔维亚史学长期以来一直认为,塞尔维亚的这一立场是由于在签署《圣斯特凡诺条约》的过程中侵犯了塞尔维亚的民族利益。塞尔维亚的领土要求没有得到满足,建立大保加利亚似乎对塞尔维亚人不公平。然而,消息来源表明,拒绝同俄罗斯协商的原因并不仅仅是这个。米兰王子决定与奥匈帝国结盟,与俄罗斯决裂。现代塞尔维亚史学也承认这一点。放弃与俄罗斯帝国的协商以及与哈布斯堡王朝的和解在很大程度上决定了塞尔维亚国家建设的性质,以及它与邻近巴尔干国家的关系。塞尔维亚获得了独立国家的地位,但同时也依赖于其北部邻国奥匈帝国。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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