Hemodynamic, Inotropic and Dromotropic Effects of Calcium Antagonists at Rest and during Exercise in Healthy Subjects

Abstract

After a single dose of diltiazem 120 mg, verapamil 160 mg and nifedipine 20 mg in a double-blind, cross-over, randomized manner the following measurements were performed 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after drug intake and were compared with the predrug values: blood pressure, electrocardiogram, systolic time intervals, venous occlusion plethysmography and an orthostatic test