Hardware-in-the-loop simulation based testing of power conditioning systems

Abstract

Although it is very popular among environmentalists, the replacement of fossil-fuel based generation with new age renewable energy (RE) creates problems in grid operation and stability. The intermittent nature of these resources as well as their inverter-based connection structure hinder the traditional operation of electrical networks. Consequently, the RE penetration level has been kept low to limit their impact on the infrastructure. In order to maximize RE potential, novel solutions are required and smart inverters with advanced inverter capabilities can be just that. Coupled with battery energy storage systems (BESS), they can manage RE intermittent behavior and provide auxiliary services such as frequency and voltage support. However, large scale deployment of these power conditioning systems (PCS) at distribution level can create enormous problems. To cope with this challenge, their behavior should be closely scrutinized and interoperable operation must be guaranteed with a series of tests before actual deployment. Smart Grid International Research Facility Network (SIRFN) has the services of 15 distinct labs to develop standard testing protocols and knowledge on best practices. A consortium of labs around the globe ran tests in their facilities and developed standard testing procedures for BESS. Building on that experience, IEEE P2004 project aims at developing standard hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing procedures for PCS. This will improve the testing capabilities since different systems can be easily modeled and verified in HIL. This paper documents these standardized testing efforts and the role of Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, a part of SIRFN and IEEE P2004, in achieving these goals.