Operationalizing Theory: A Moral-Situational Action Model for Extremist Violence

J. Warren, A. Leviton, James Reed, G. Saathoff, Terri D. Patterson, Lauren A. Richards, Andrea D. Fancher
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Violence risk and threat assessments have coexisted for decades as mutually exclusive endeavors of academia and law enforcement. In the years following September 11th, 2001, extremist violence has demanded that law enforcement and intelligence agencies identify, prevent, and respond to potential attacks perpetrated by radicalized civilians. This challenge has highlighted the gaps in the current risk and threat assessment methodologies. We seek to inform and improve these two processes by integrating theory into this process of violence risk and threat assessment, while focusing specifically on the radicalization of women to extremist violence. We present a Moral-Situational Action model for extremist violence which seeks to integrate theoretical tenets of Situational Action Theory with practiced principles of risk and threat assessment. The goal is to provide a causative model which will guide operational analyses and empirical research concerning an individual’s progressive involvement in or desistence from extremist violence. The model explores risk and protective factors as intertwined constructs on the same continuum. The model further integrates the quantitative coding of risk factors with a formulation-based outcome that includes behavior, motivation, and vulnerabilities, to assess fluctuating levels of risk, and individual-specific risk and threat management strategies. We describe the coding protocol that is being used to quantitatively examine this theory and posit that with modest revision it will be applicable to men.
操作化理论:极端主义暴力的道德情境行为模型
暴力风险和威胁评估作为学术界和执法部门相互排斥的努力共存了几十年。在2001年9月11日之后的几年里,极端主义暴力要求执法部门和情报机构识别、预防和应对激进平民可能发动的袭击。这一挑战凸显了当前风险和威胁评估方法中的差距。我们力求通过将理论纳入暴力风险和威胁评估的过程,为这两个过程提供信息和改进,同时特别关注妇女对极端主义暴力的激进化。我们提出了一个极端主义暴力的道德-情境行为模型,该模型试图将情境行为理论的理论原则与风险和威胁评估的实践原则相结合。目标是提供一个因果模型,以指导有关个人逐渐参与或坚持极端主义暴力的业务分析和实证研究。该模型探讨了风险和保护因素在同一连续体上交织在一起的结构。该模型进一步将风险因素的定量编码与基于公式的结果(包括行为、动机和脆弱性)结合起来,以评估波动的风险水平,以及针对个人的风险和威胁管理策略。我们描述了用于定量检验这一理论的编码协议,并假设稍加修改,它将适用于男性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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