Introduction to forensic voice comparison

Abstract

This chapter provides a brief introduction to forensic voice comparison. It describes different approaches that have been used to extract information from voice recordings: auditory, spectrographic, acoustic-phonetic, and automatic approaches. It also describes different frameworks that have been used to draw inferences from such information: likelihood-ratio, posterior-probability, identification/exclusion/inconclusive, and the UK framework. In addition, the chapter describes empirical validation of forensic voice comparison systems and briefly discusses legal admissibility.