Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage: Pathways for India

Abstract

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) would be an essential component of various strategies to address global climate change. It will play a major role in removing carbon emissions that can not be avoided. The countries are adopting and have successfully practiced various financial/ policy instruments such as carbon pricing, tax credits, and procurement programs in favour of low-carbon products to make CCUS economically viable. India is one of the countries those have submitted their net-zero emission targets. However, hard-toabate sectors like industries and irreplaceable coal power plants that jointly contribute to almost 80% of total CO2 emissions, can achieve net-zero only by utilisation of negative emission technologies such as CCUS. CCUS technology allows various capture methods followed by different separation technologies of CO2. The transportation of CO2 can be done through pipelines, rails, trucks, and ships. The captured CO2 can be converted into different products for various applications and storage. In this paper, different CCUS technologies with various methods of CO2 separation and carbon capture are discussed. The paper presents a short review of different CCUS projects running in India at a pilot stage along with challenges in their commercial implementation.