Neo-Aristotelian Supererogation

Rebecca Stangl
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Abstract

This chapter develops and defends the following neo-Aristotelian account of supererogation: An action is supererogatory iff it is overall virtuous and either (1) the omission of an overall virtuous action in that situation would not be overall vicious, or (2) there is some overall virtuous action that is less virtuous than it and whose performance in its place would not be overall vicious. This account is non-ad-hoc insofar as it is based on virtue ethical accounts of right and wrong action that are motivated from within the tradition, and thus fully deserving of the label “neo-Aristotelian.” And it is intuitively defensible: it correctly identifies both heroic and saintly actions as supererogatory and gives a plausible explanation of their status as supererogatory. It also correctly identifies those instances of more mundane supererogation as supererogation and explains their status as supererogatory.
新亚里斯多德额外工作
这一章发展并捍卫了新亚里士多德关于超格化的解释:如果一个行为是全面的美德,那么它就是超格化的,并且(1)在这种情况下,遗漏一个全面的美德行为不会是全面的邪恶,或者(2)有一些整体的美德行为比它更不高尚,而它的表现不会是全面的邪恶。这种说法是非特别的,因为它是基于美德和道德对正确和错误行为的解释,这些行为是由传统激发的,因此完全值得贴上“新亚里士多德主义”的标签。它在直觉上是站得住的:它正确地将英雄行为和神圣行为都视为多余的行为,并对其多余的地位给出了合理的解释。它还正确地识别了那些更世俗的superogation为superogation的实例,并解释了它们作为superogation的地位。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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